React教程 第6章：redux  状态管理

Provider 传递 store

import React from 'react'
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom'
import App from './App'
import store from './redux/store'
import {Provider} from 'react-redux'

ReactDOM.render(
	/* 此处需要用Provider包裹App，目的是让App所有的后代容器组件都能接收到store */
	<Provider store={store}>
		<App/>
	</Provider>,
	document.getElementById('root')
)

暴露Store

/* 
	该文件专门用于暴露一个store对象，整个应用只有一个store对象
*/

//引入createStore，专门用于创建redux中最为核心的store对象
import {createStore,applyMiddleware} from 'redux'
//引入汇总之后的reducer
import reducer from './reducers'
//引入redux-thunk，用于支持异步action
import thunk from 'redux-thunk'
//引入redux-devtools-extension
import {composeWithDevTools} from 'redux-devtools-extension'

//暴露store 
export default createStore(reducer,composeWithDevTools(applyMiddleware(thunk)))

创建reducer

// src/redux/reducers/count.js

/* 
	1.该文件是用于创建一个为Count组件服务的reducer，reducer的本质就是一个函数
	2.reducer函数会接到两个参数，分别为：之前的状态(preState)，动作对象(action)
*/
import {INCREMENT,DECREMENT} from '../constant'

const initState = 0 //初始化状态
export default function countReducer(preState=initState,action){
	// console.log('countReducer@#@#@#');
	//从action对象中获取：type、data
	const {type,data} = action
	//根据type决定如何加工数据
	switch (type) {
		case INCREMENT: //如果是加
			return preState + data
		case DECREMENT: //若果是减
			return preState - data
		default:
			return preState
	}
}

汇总reducer

/* 
	该文件用于汇总所有的reducer为一个总的reducer
*/
//引入combineReducers，用于汇总多个reducer
import {combineReducers} from 'redux'
//引入为Count组件服务的reducer
import count from './count'
//引入为Person组件服务的reducer
import persons from './person'

//汇总所有的reducer变为一个总的reducer
export default  combineReducers({
	count,
	persons
})

创建action

/* 
	该文件专门为Count组件生成action对象
*/
import {INCREMENT,DECREMENT} from '../constant'

//同步action，就是指action的值为Object类型的一般对象
export const increment = data => ({type:INCREMENT,data})
export const decrement = data => ({type:DECREMENT,data})

//异步action，就是指action的值为函数,异步action中一般都会调用同步action，异步action不是必须要用的。
export const incrementAsync = (data,time) => {
	return (dispatch)=>{
		setTimeout(()=>{
			dispatch(increment(data))
		},time)
	}
}

在组件中的使用

import React, { Component } from 'react'
//引入action
import {
	increment,
	decrement,
	incrementAsync
} from '../../redux/actions/count'
//引入connect用于连接UI组件与redux
import {connect} from 'react-redux'

//定义UI组件
class Count extends Component {

	state = {carName:'奔驰c63'}

	//加法
	increment = ()=>{
		const {value} = this.selectNumber
		this.props.increment(value*1)
	}
	//减法
	decrement = ()=>{
		const {value} = this.selectNumber
		this.props.decrement(value*1)
	}
	//奇数再加
	incrementIfOdd = ()=>{
		const {value} = this.selectNumber
		if(this.props.count % 2 !== 0){
			this.props.increment(value*1)
		}
	}
	//异步加
	incrementAsync = ()=>{
		const {value} = this.selectNumber
		this.props.incrementAsync(value*1,500)
	}

	render() {
		//console.log('UI组件接收到的props是',this.props);
		return (
			<div>
				<h2>我是Count组件,下方组件总人数为:{this.props.renshu}</h2>
				<h4>当前求和为：{this.props.count}</h4>
				<select ref={c => this.selectNumber = c}>
					<option value="1">1</option>
					<option value="2">2</option>
					<option value="3">3</option>
				</select>&nbsp;
				<button onClick={this.increment}>+</button>&nbsp;
				<button onClick={this.decrement}>-</button>&nbsp;
				<button onClick={this.incrementIfOdd}>当前求和为奇数再加</button>&nbsp;
				<button onClick={this.incrementAsync}>异步加</button>&nbsp;
			</div>
		)
	}
}

//使用connect()()创建并暴露一个Count的容器组件
export default connect(
	state => ({
		count:state.count,
		personCount:state.persons.length
	}),
	{increment,decrement,incrementAsync}
)(Count)