下面是一个简单的无锁队列示例,使用Golang实现:
package main
import "sync/atomic"
type node struct {
value interface{}
next *node
}
type LockFreeQueue struct {
head *node
tail *node
}
func NewLockFreeQueue() *LockFreeQueue {
n := &node{}
return &LockFreeQueue{head: n, tail: n}
}
func (q *LockFreeQueue) Enqueue(value interface{}) {
n := &node{value: value}
for {
tail := q.tail
next := tail.next
if tail == q.tail {
if next == nil {
if atomic.CompareAndSwapPointer(
&tail.next, nil, n) {
atomic.CompareAndSwapPointer(&q.tail, tail, n)
return
}
} else {
atomic.CompareAndSwapPointer(
&q.tail, tail, next)
}
}
}
}
func (q *LockFreeQueue) Dequeue() interface{} {
for {
head := q.head
tail := q.tail
next := head.next
if head == q.head {
if head == tail {
if next == nil {
return nil
}
atomic.CompareAndSwapPointer(
&q.tail, tail, next)
} else {
result := next.value
if atomic.CompareAndSwapPointer(
&q.head, head, next) {
return result
}
}
}
}
}
func main() {
q := NewLockFreeQueue()
q.Enqueue(1)
q.Enqueue(2)
q.Enqueue(3)
println(q.Dequeue().(int)) // Output: 1
println(q.Dequeue().(int)) // Output: 2
println(q.Dequeue().(int)) // Output: 3
}
这个无锁队列使用了Golang的原子操作,在并发环境下可以实现高效的并发读写操作。同时,这个队列也支持在单线程中进行安全的操作。